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Scientists Discover Water Reservoir on Mars: Why It Matters

2024-08-14 22:51:18Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Scientists Discover Water Reservoir on Mars: Why It Matters
Scientists Discover Water Reservoir on Mars: Why It Matters

Researchers have found evidence for a large underground reservoir of liquid water on Mars – enough to fill the oceans on the planet's surface.

Using data from the Insight lander – NATO's first robotic space explorer, scientists estimated that the amount of groundwater could cover all of Mars at a depth of one to two kilometers.

But experts say the reservoir is unlikely to be of much use to anyone trying to use it to supply a future Mars colony.

It is located in cracks and small pores in the rock in the middle of the Martian crust, between 11.5 and 20 kilometers below the surface. Even on Earth, drilling a hole a kilometer deep is a challenge.

"Understanding the Martian water cycle is important for understanding the evolution of the climate, surface and interior. A useful starting point is to identify the location and amount of water," said Vashan Wright, a former postdoctoral fellow at UC Berkeley in the US who is now an assistant professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego.

Scientists on Earth have sent many probes and landers to Mars to find out what happened to the water that was on the planet about 3 billion years ago – how and when it happened – and whether life exists or existed on the planet.

Experts suggest that the findings are an indication that most of the water did not escape into space, but filtered into the crust.

The researchers used data that the InSight lander collected during a 4-year mission that ends in 2022.

Earth collected information from the ground directly beneath it, including the speed of the Marsquake's waves.

Using a model informed by a mathematical theory of rock physics, the researchers determined that the presence of liquid water in the crust most reliably explained the data.

"While the available data are best explained by a water-saturated middle crust, our results highlight the value of geophysical measurements and the best constraints on the mineralogy and composition of the Martian crust," the authors write.

The findings were published in the journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences".


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