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A surprising theory about why some people become criminals

2026-06-04 18:25:34Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
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The latest study shows that not only character, but also social, historical and psychological factors influence

Why are some people more prone to crime and violence than others? According to researchers, the answer is not just related to the individual's character or personality.

An analysis recently published in the scientific journal "Nature" suggests that criminal behavior is influenced by many factors, including the social environment, historical period, and personal experiences.

The study is based on research by Harvard University criminologist Robert Sampson, author of the book “Marked by Time.” According to him, the idea that criminality is determined solely by character is outdated.

He argues that to understand why a person commits crimes, one must also analyze the social and historical conditions in which they live. Sampson also emphasizes the importance of recidivism (repetition of criminal behavior).

People who have previously committed a crime and been arrested are more likely to return to criminal behavior. This shows that social factors and life experiences greatly influence how an individual's behavior develops.

Even psychology experts support the idea that criminality is the result of many factors. Criminologist Anna Maria Giannini from La Sapienza University in Rome explains that not only character can be blamed, nor can only the social environment.

According to her, criminal behavior is "multifactorial," meaning it is influenced by a combination of biological, psychological, and social elements. She also mentions the impact of addictions such as drugs and alcohol, which are often associated with increased risk for violent or criminal behavior.

Another 2016 study, conducted by researcher Scott Barry Kaufman on 130 male prisoners in Sweden, found links between criminality and several psychological traits such as impulsivity, aggression, hostility, social anxiety, and the search for strong emotions.

Research suggests that a lack of self-control during childhood can also increase a person's likelihood of committing violent acts in adolescence or adulthood. But researchers warn that these traits are not enough to explain criminality.

If character were the main factor, crime rates would remain the same throughout history. But the data suggests otherwise. One example comes from a large study of crime in Chicago neighborhoods between 1995 and 2024.

In the 1990s, many American cities experienced a sharp increase in crime, but then there was a gradual decrease that continued until 2010-2020. The study compared two groups of young people with similar living conditions, but who lived in different historical periods.

Young people born in the 1980s had higher levels of involvement in crime than those who grew up after 1995. This, according to Sampson, shows that historical periods and social changes significantly affect criminality.

Experts have also dealt with cases where crimes are committed by people with mental health problems. They warn that it is a mistake to automatically link mental illness to violence. Cases where perpetrators of crimes suffer from serious mental disorders are relatively rare.

According to specialists, other factors often play a role, such as interruption of medical treatments, lack of social support, or problems with mental health care.

Recent studies have also analyzed how the brain functions during risky decisions. Through functional magnetic resonance imaging, researchers have observed that different areas of the brain are activated in people who are more prone to illegal behavior compared to individuals who follow the rules.


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