She was not murdered, nor did she commit suicide. If Marilyn Monroe died at the age of 36 in August 1962, it was due to medical error. A century after her birth (she would have turned 100 on June 1), a new biography sheds light on the last days of the actress who became a legend, and in particular on the medications prescribed for her by Hyman Engerberg, her trusted doctor.
The image of a sexy and crazy blonde, in stark contrast to the passion for reading and intelligence that led her to found her own production company and demand control over her photo shoots, Marilyn still lives on in the collective imagination.
Her death, in August 1962, remains a mystery. Could she have decided to commit suicide? Was she really eliminated, as some claimed, because of her ties to the Kennedy family?
According to Andrew Wilson, a journalist, writer and author of several successful biographies, Monroe was the victim of a medical error. Engerlberg, who died in 2005, always denied having prescribed chloral hydrate to his famous client.

A document auctioned in 2011 and discovered by Wilson while researching his book clearly shows his signature on a prescription. The combination of the drug with the barbiturate Nembutal, prescribed by the same doctor, is believed to have caused her death.
"If you have nothing to hide, why deny it so categorically?" Wilson told the Sunday Times, referring to statements made by the doctor when, in the 1980s, after many conspiracy theories, the investigation into Monroe's death was reopened.
“Dr. Engerlberg was going through a difficult time at the time. He was separating from his wife, Esther, and I think he panicked.” According to the writer, “it was an accident, but also a catastrophic error of judgment.”
Marilyn was in crisis. She had been fired from a film job and was suffering from depression.
"In the last two months of her life, she was prescribed 830 doses of drugs that would have been enough to kill several people."
A case not too dissimilar to that of Friends star Matthew Perry, who died of an overdose in 2023 at the age of 54.
The night she died, Marilyn was locked in her room. The housekeeper, Eunice Murray, called the actress's psychiatrist, Ralph Greenson, who forced his way in through a window and found her lifeless in bed.
He called Engelberg, who pronounced her dead. In his book "I Want You to Love Me," Wilson claims that about an hour passed before the doctor called the police and that he was the one who told investigators that she had committed suicide.

An iconic actress, known above all for her extraordinary beauty, Marilyn paved the way for many of her colleagues by taking control of her image and creating her own production company. She was among the first to speak openly about the dangers of fame, mental health issues and the importance of psychotherapy.