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How did the "Black Death" spread in Europe?

2022-06-18 14:02:15Pikëpamje SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
How did the "Black Death" spread in Europe?
How did the "Black Death" spread in Europe?

The place of origin and spread of the "black death" in Europe, a topic that has plagued researchers for centuries, was determined by an international team of scientists who analyzed the pulp of the teeth of the dead of the 14th century who died of this disease. terrible.

According to scientists, comparative DNA analysis revealed that the plague appeared in 1338 or 1339 AD in Issyk-Kul, a lake in present-day Kyrgyzstan and spread to traders living in a neighboring settlement, reports abcnews.al.

Eight years later the disease had spread, killing 60% of Eurasian cases. The study was conducted by Wolfgang Haack and Johann Krause, at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and Human History, and Philip Slavin, University of Sterling, Scotland, and published in the journal Nature.

"Black death", a designation due to the black spots covering patients's body, is caused by the bacterium Yersinia Pestis, which is transmitted by fleas that are abundant in rodents. The disease still exists today, with the exception of Australia.

To draw conclusions, the scientists analyzed the DNA of the corpse victims of the medieval epidemic kept in the Museum of London, and others from different countries, creating a family tree of the Yersinia Pestis bacterium, which causes the "black death". .

Dr. Slavin also analyzed DNA samples from two Christian cemeteries of "black death" victims in Kyrgyzstan. The date of death and the cause were mentioned in the graves: "the plague".

Most of the patients had died in 1338, eight years before the terrible epidemic broke out in Europe. Scientists discovered the DNA of the bacterium in the pulp of the teeth of the dead from the "plague", reports abcnews.al.

The bacterium was transmitted to them through a marmot, a squirrel-like rodent. The type of plague bacterium found in these cemeteries later evolved into the mutated bacterium that caused the plague to spread to Europe.

If their theory is correct, according to Mary Fischel, a historian at Johns Hopkins University, it is certain that the "black death" spread to Eurasia through trade routes and not, as historians once estimated, through military operations.


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