Richard Haass, former advisor to President George HW Bush and then Colin Powell, describes the new US National Security Strategy as a document that "displays a limited vision of American interests and commitment", describing it as "with a deep distrust of international institutions", which are seen as anti-American and a threat to national sovereignty.
In an interview with Corriere della Sera, Haass emphasizes that "the biggest strategic surprise is the increased emphasis on the Western Hemisphere (America), something we haven't seen for more than a century," while attention to Europe and perhaps the Middle East seems lower, while the American role in East Asia remains unclear.
He calls this "the biggest overhaul of American foreign policy since the end of World War II and the beginning of the Cold War, 80 years ago."
The question that arises is: how new is the distrust of supranational institutions, which are seen as a threat to national sovereignty?
Haass explains: We've seen it before, but now it's much stronger. Distrust of the UN is not new; it intensified towards the World Health Organization after Covid, and towards the World Trade Organization it exists in both parties. But what is different is the depth of the distrust and hostility towards the European Union, isolated as the object of particular criticism.
Speaking about American perceptions of the EU, Haass clarifies that he would not call everyone who criticizes the union conservative: Most of those who support this president or MAGA are not conservatives by my definition. One can criticize the EU for excessive regulations that have slowed innovation and economic growth, but it should not be destroyed; the solution is reform, such as a stronger Central Bank and less regulation.
Haass also notes that the new American strategy “marks the triumph of geoeconomics over geopolitics,” marking the end of the era when America was “the anchor of international alliances and institutions, ready to sacrifice for the rule of law.”
According to him, "this is the first president whose main concern is America's economic interest, justifying tariffs, trade balance, the purchase of American products, and reindustrialization ," some of which he calls reasonable, while he considers concern about trade balances "bad economics."
On the situation in Ukraine, Haass is critical: The American strategy is not very encouraging because it is too soft on Russia. The treatment of Ukraine is almost neutral. The administration seems more interested in achieving peace than in its content, and equally concerned with the rehabilitation of Russia than with the protection of Ukraine.
He does not rule out the possibility that the US administration will " force Ukraine to accept territorial losses like Donbas", but emphasizes that " the final decision will depend on Ukraine and Europe", warning that there could be various moves, from suspending military aid to Ukraine to increasing sanctions against Russia.
Commenting on the role of Republicans in Congress, Haass expresses skepticism: I don't take them seriously. The Republican-led Congress has not shown itself to be an independent and equal branch of government, and has shown little sign of willingness to challenge this president and the administration.