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Germany passes new immigration law, needs 1.98 million workers

2023-03-30 08:24:26Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

Germany passes new immigration law, needs 1.98 million workers

The German government approved the new migration bill. Among other things, it foresees the doubling of the contingent of the Western Balkans regulation. Also, the regulation will be made without a deadline.

Germany intends to allow over 50,000 unskilled workers from the Western Balkans to come to work in Germany in the future. This was approved by the German government on Wednesday (29.03.2023) as part of the new labor migration bill. The German Minister of Labour, Hubertus Heil, said at the press conference in Berlin that this contingent will be doubled from 25,000 which is currently a maximum of 50,000 people per year. But the minister added that there are plans to extend this regulation to other countries.

The Western Balkans Regulation has been in place since 2015 and allows citizens of the six BP countries (Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia) privileged access to the German labor market, regardless of their qualifications. have.

A prerequisite for obtaining a work visa is a regular employment contract in Germany. No special knowledge of the German language is required either. The Western Balkans regulation is in force until the end of 2023, but in the new draft of the migration law, it is foreseen that it will be done indefinitely. According to DW sources, until December 31, 2022, there were about 62,000 immigrants with residence permits based on this regulation in the Central Foreigners' Registry (AZR).

Recognition of diplomas can also be done in Germany

But the draft presented by the German Minister of Labor and Social Affairs Hubertus Heil and the Minister of the Interior Nancy Faser also contains other innovations.

According to Minister Heil, foreigners from third countries will be offered three ways to come to Germany: through qualification, work experience and points system. The first existed even before, in the skilled labor migration law, which had entered into force before the pandemic. But the new draft of the center-left coalition has made some concessions:

So, for example, the minimum annual salary needed to obtain blue cards has been reduced: At the moment it is 49,581 euros, thus constituting 1.25 times the average gross annual salary in Germany. For young people and with less experience even under 40 thousand euros.

In addition, anyone who has graduated from a university or a professional school of at least two years has the right to come to Germany to look for work, even without having the qualification recognized in their homeland. The qualification recognition procedure has been one of the main obstacles so far for the arrival of skilled labor in Germany.

In addition, qualified persons will be allowed to work in any profession, regardless of their qualification.

As a qualification, not only the educational qualification will be called, also the work experience will play a role in the recognition of the qualification.

The points system or chance card, finally a reality

But the main innovation of this law, what makes the two social democratic ministers who presented the draft proud, is the points system, or the Chance Card.

Similar to the Canadian migration system, the Chance Card gives opportunities to migrate to Germany also on the basis of a point system based on four criteria: knowledge of the language, professional experience, age and connection to Germany.

According to the draft, six points are enough to get a one-year visa and look for work in Germany. How can they be collected?

Four points for a professional qualification.
Three points for work experience
Three points for good knowledge of German.
Two points for sufficient knowledge of German
Two points for young age (under 35) or
Two points for work experience of up to two years.
One point for ties to Germany, that is, if you have previously stayed in Germany for at least six months.
The Minister of the Interior, Nancy Faeser, said that with this we have created a new modern migration law. Faeser criticized the previous government, mainly its conservative wing, that had not allowed her to do this before, but had instead lived with what she called "the permanent lie that Germany was not a country of migration".

Strategies to combat labor shortages

The new bill is part of a new government strategy to deal with labor shortages, which is now being considered by the relevant committees in the Bundestag. It envisages, in addition to exploiting the potential of the labor force within the country, by increasing the offers of vocational training for young school leavers, improving working conditions for mothers with children, or increasing the chances of employment of rejected refugees or asylum seekers.

In a study by the Chambers of Commerce and Industry that was presented in mid-January in Berlin, Germany now has 2 million unfilled jobs. Due to this lack of workers, Europe's largest economy has 100 billion euros less national income per year. The situation worsens from year to year:

According to the new migration bill, it is estimated that, based on these changes, an average of 75,000 people will come to Germany as a qualified workforce per year. Added to these is the contingent of the Western Balkans, with 50,000 workers per year.

For many experts, this figure does not meet Germany's labor needs at all. Experts estimate that Germany needs 400,000 qualified immigrants per year.

But the Minister of Labor said that it should not be forgotten that most of the qualified workforce comes from EU countries, which do not need a work visa. The total number of net immigrants in 2019 before the pandemic was 350 thousand people.

On the one hand, due to the demographic map of the country: in the next 15 years, one third of the current employees will retire. But also due to structural changes caused by digitization, as well as changes due to the corona pandemic and the war in Ukraine./ DW


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