
Scientists have discovered new data that could change the date of creation of one of the world's most famous paintings, Vincent van Gogh's "Starry Night."
According to a new study by a team of South Korean researchers, the painting may have been inspired by the sky the artist observed at dawn on July 22, 1889, from the asylum where he was staying in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France.
Until now, art historians have dated the painting to June 1889, shortly after Van Gogh was admitted to the asylum. However, scholars claim that the July sky better matches the elements depicted in the painting, including the crescent moon, the planet Venus and the stars rotating in the sky.
The team, led by Elijah Jeong-hyun Kim, conducted astronomical analyses to compare the position of celestial bodies at that time with the scene painted by Van Gogh. According to them, around July 22, 1889, the Moon had a shape similar to that depicted in the painting, while the Hyades star cluster, in the constellation Taurus, was rising in the east near Venus. Weather analyses also suggest that the sky may have been clear enough for the artist to observe.

The researchers also examined letters Van Gogh sent to his brother, as well as references to ladybugs, which are more common during the warmer months. This data, the team said, supports the possibility that the painting was inspired by the July sky, not the June sky.
However, not all researchers consider the issue resolved.
Physicist José Luis Aragon, who has studied the painting, praised the research as a serious and interdisciplinary study, but stressed that the July date remains a hypothesis that requires further testing. He added that Van Gogh painted the painting in the studio, relying on sketches and memory, so the sky depicted could be a combination of several observations from different nights.
According to Aragon, the most important finding is that “Starry Night” may not simply be a product of the artist’s imagination, but rather reflect his careful observations of the real sky. The new study is published in the journal Scientific Reports.