New research from the US and London has shown that shouting at children can be just as damaging to them as sexual or physical abuse.
The study, by UK charity Words Matter, was published this month in the journal Child Abuse & Neglect . This study emphasizes that child verbal abuse (CVA) is officially recognized as a " form of maltreatment ".
To find out, researchers from Wingate University in North Carolina and University College London (UCL), analyzed 166 studies on verbal abuse.
The study's authors found that issues defining abuse included "negative tone, content of speech and their immediate impact." The most common people who yell at children are parents, mothers and teachers, according to the study.
"Abuse can create underlying emotional and psychological effects, which include obesity, increased risk of anger, substance misuse, depression and self-harm," UCL said in a statement.
Currently, four categories include child abuse: physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. The study noted that over the years, childhood emotional abuse "has increased in frequency."
"Preventing child maltreatment is the most effective way to reduce the prevalence of children's mental health problems," study co-author and Professor Peter Fonagy, head of the Department of Psychology and Language Sciences at UCL, said in a statement.
The researchers concluded that recognizing verbal abuse of children as a type of abuse is a "starting point" for its identification and prevention. The study authors also recommend educating adults about the importance of safety, support and care when communicating verbally with children.
" Childhood verbal abuse should definitely be recognized as a form of abuse because of the negative consequences throughout life ," the study's lead author, Wingate Professor Shanta Dube, said in a statement.