Bernard Arnault, the owner of luxury giant LVMH and one of the richest people in the world, is facing strong criticism from journalists' organizations and media freedom defenders in France after further expanding his media empire.
Reporters Without Borders (RSF) has accused Arnault of creating a “stifling control” over the French business press after his LVMH group bought the popular weekly business magazine Challenges. With the acquisition, LVMH adds to its portfolio some of the country’s most important business media outlets, including the business newspaper Les Echos and the financial service L’Agefi.
As a result of the deal, journalists' unions and RSF have filed complaints with French institutions, arguing that the authorities have not properly examined the level of media concentration in the hands of a single economic group. The French competition authority is also examining allegations that LVMH has abused its dominant market position.
Arnault, known as the "wolf in cashmere," has built an empire that includes global brands such as Louis Vuitton, Dior and Tiffany. His fortune is estimated by Forbes magazine at around $145 billion.
The debate over the influence of billionaires in French media has intensified ahead of next year's presidential election. In addition to Arnault, other powerful business figures, such as Vincent Bolloré, Rodolphe Saadé, Daniel Křetínský and Xavier Niel, control a significant part of the French media landscape.
Critics argue that the concentration of media in the hands of a small number of billionaires endangers the pluralism of information and editorial independence. Journalists at Challenges and Les Echos have demanded guarantees that the statutes that protect the independence of their editorial offices will be preserved.
Media historian Alexis Lévrier said Arnault had secured a virtual monopoly on economic information in France. He said the lack of legal reforms to limit media concentration had allowed economic powers to increase their influence over public and political debate.
Arnault himself has defended his media investments, previously stating that the purchases were made "in the general interest" to save and preserve important French press titles.
However, critics have argued that when one of the richest people in France and the world controls such a large part of the business press, serious questions arise about the independence of information and the balance between economic and political power.