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Kosovo celebrates 16th anniversary of independence, the long and arousing road of state-building

2024-02-17 08:05:55Aktualitet SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Kosovo celebrates 16th anniversary of independence, the long and arousing road
Newborn Monuments

It is 16 years since Kosovo was declared an independent state. On the afternoon of February 17, 2008, the Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo in Pristina officially declared independence, a historic step which was the crowning of a long and difficult journey with suffering and sacrifice.

For years, until June 1999, Kosovo Albanians suffered the consequences of ethnic cleansing by the Serbian Milosevic regime. At an extraordinary meeting attended by 109 of the total 120 deputies, the Assembly of Kosovo unanimously declared Kosovo an independent, sovereign and democratic state.

The legitimacy of Kosovo's Declaration of Independence for a given time period has been a controversial topic. Serbia rejecting Kosovo's Declaration of Independence required international validity assessment and support for its position, allegedly that Kosovo's Declaration of Independence was illegal.

Following this performance, in October 2008, Belgrade sought an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice. On 22 July 2010, the International Court of Justice reaffirmed through an Advisory Decision that Kosovo's Declaration of Independence did not violate any article of international law.

Kosovo's Declaration of Independence ended a cycle for Kosovo citizens, who were born a new duty; reconstruction.

How did the events go to independence?

It is worth noting that, since June 13, 1999, when Serbian forces were forced to leave Kosovo, the country was administered by the United Nations Mission – UNMIK and Kosovo's Self-Government Institutions: The Assembly, the President and the Government.

Although Serbia had no control over Kosovo, in Security Council Resolution 1244, it was sometimes mentioned that Kosovo is a UN protectorate, but legally part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In November 2005, the process for Kosovo's final status was officially launched. After comprehensive consultations, on 2 February 2007, the international special envoy for the status of Kosovo, Martti Ahtisaari, submitted his proposal to Pristina and Belgrade for the conditional independence of Kosovo, a step that led to the creation of an independent state. After several rounds of talks were held, Kosovo was declared independent on 17 February 2008.

The declaration of independence of Kosovo was made by the then Prime Minister of Kosovo, Hashim Thaçi, deputies of the Assembly of Kosovo, and the President of Kosovo, at the meeting held in Pristina.

"We, the democratically elected leaders of our people, through this Declaration proclaim Kosovo an independent and sovereign state. This proclamation reflects the will of our people and is in full compliance with the recommendations of united nations Special Envoy Martti Ahtisaari and his Comprehensive Proposal for the Kosovo Status Settlement," the Declaration of Independence signed and unanimously approved by the deputies 109 deputies present in the Kosovo Assembly hall said.

Eleven representative deputies of the Serbian minority boycotted the voting procedure. Nine representatives of other ethnic minorities were part of the quorum.

Following a request from Russia, the United Nations Security Council held an emergency session on the afternoon of February 17. U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon issued a neutral statement urging all sides to "refrain from any action of statements that could endanger peace, incite violence or endanger security in Kosovo or the region."

Speaking on behalf of six countries – Belgium, Croatia, France, Germany, Italy and the United States – the Belgian ambassador expressed regret "that the Security Council cannot agree on the way forward, but this impasse has been very clear for several months. "Today's events represent the conclusion of a status process that has exhausted all avenues in pursuit of a negotiated outcome."

On 18 February 2008 the EU presidency announced that after a day of tough talks between foreign ministers, member states were free to decide individually whether to recognise Kosovo's independence. Most EU member states have recognised Kosovo, but Cyprus, Greece, Romania, Slovakia and Spain continue to not recognize it. Shortly before Kosovo's Declaration of Independence, the European Union approved the deployment of a 2,000-member Non-Military Rule of Law mission, "EULEX", to further develop the police and justice sector in Kosovo.

All twenty-seven EU member states approved eulex's mandate, including the minority of five EU countries that have not yet recognized Kosovo's independence.


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