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Secret files on Nazi criminal Josef Mengele revealed: How he evaded capture for decades in South America

2025-12-03 13:09:00Histori SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

Documents revealing how notorious Nazi doctor Josef Mengele, known as the "Angel of Death", lived a free life after the war in Argentina were found among a vast trove of evidence extracted and declassified earlier this year by President Javier Miel.

Mengele was known for his role as commandant at Auschwitz, where he conducted brutal medical experiments on prisoners, particularly twins, under the guise of scientific research.

Eyewitnesses, including some found in declassified Argentine files, describe his extremely cold-blooded, macabre and sadistic nature, including torturing and testing twins in front of each other after sending their parents to the gas chambers.

An entire file is dedicated exclusively to following in the footsteps of the infamous Auschwitz doctor and SS commander, Mengele.

Declassified archives show that Argentina clearly understood by the mid-to-late 1950s who Mengele was and that he was actually present in the country. Authorities knew that he had entered the country in 1949 using an Italian passport issued in the name Helmut Gregor, which he used as the basis for obtaining an official immigrant identity card in 1950.

Secret files on Nazi criminal Josef Mengele revealed: How he evaded capture for

Argentine archival material sheds light on the networks that sheltered Mengele. Although extremely fragmented and multilingual – including documents in Spanish, German, Portuguese and English – the archive offers insight into how authorities tracked, archived, mismanaged and often failed to act on information they had about one of the world’s most wanted war criminals.

The collection contains photographs, intelligence notes, immigration records, surveillance reports and correspondence, reflecting decades of investigation and efforts to understand the network that helped him move to Argentina, Paraguay and eventually Brazil.

The presence of German-language documents indicates the involvement of foreign intelligence or materials seized from immigrant communities; Portuguese elements suggest cross-border coordination with Brazilian sources; English notes indicate communication with US or British agencies.

The files contain an unspecified press release from a Polish-born Argentine citizen, José Furmanski, who was a victim of Mengele, indicating that Argentine intelligence was aware of the allegations against the Nazi criminal.

"I met Mengele. I knew him well. I saw him many times in the Auschwitz camp, in his SS Colonel's uniform and, over it, the white doctor's coat," Furmanski says in the interview.

The interview goes on to explain that Furmanski, who had a twin, gave his own vivid testimony of the experiments carried out on them. The report labeled Mengele a pathological sadist.

Secret files on Nazi criminal Josef Mengele revealed: How he evaded capture for

“He gathered twins of all ages in the camp and subjected them to experiments that always ended in death. Among children, the elderly and women…what horrors. I saw him separate a mother from her daughter and send one to certain death. We will never forget it,” Furmanski said.

Dozens of scanned images without integrated text and internal labeling of hundreds of pages signal a systematic effort by Argentine intelligence to compile a complete personal file on Mengele, including copies of foreign passports under pseudonyms, photographs of suspected collaborators, handwritten operational notes, immigration or border crossing records, investigative summaries prepared for political superiors, and correspondence between Argentine officers and international investigators.

The files attest to Argentina's ambiguous post-war position on cooperation with Western democracies, its extremely disconnected bureaucracy, its lack of will or understanding of the serious nature of the crimes committed by former Nazis on its territory, and a reluctance by the highest authorities to confront how deeply embedded Nazi fugitives were within the country's social and political landscape.

Secret files on Nazi criminal Josef Mengele revealed: How he evaded capture for

In 1956, trying to expand his business partnership, he obtained a legalized copy of his original birth certificate from the West German Embassy in Buenos Aires, requested that his ID be judicially changed to reflect his true biographical details, and surprisingly began using his original legal name, a sign of how safe he felt in Argentina.

Argentine agencies at this point not only knew who he was, where he lived, and the fact that he had married his brother's widow and was raising their son, but they also had full details about his business interests in the country. Reports in the file cite a possible visit by Mengele's father to Argentina to help him financially, investing in a medical laboratory business in Buenos Aires.

The open nature of his life in the country prompted West Germany to issue an arrest warrant and request his extradition in 1959, which was denied without further action by a local judge, citing that the request was unofficially based on Mengele's "political persecution", which did not allow the case to be considered.

Despite all the hard evidence gathered, it is clear that information was shared among various agencies that did not fully communicate with each other. There was also a lack of direct communication with the presidency and the country's executive branches. This led to action being taken in a disjointed manner, and often too late.

Or after leaks to the press had alerted Mengeles to potential concerns from the authorities, to yield fruitful results. Arrest warrants, searches and surveillance requests were often carried out or decided after the fact, leading to dead ends.

Following the 1959 extradition request and with increasing international pressure on Argentina, Mengele fled the country to Paraguay, while his wife and grandson moved to Switzerland.

This is evident from a memo from the Federal Coordination Directorate marked as strictly secret and confidential, detailing a search for Mengele and his business interests, dated July 12, 1960, a point when Mengele had already left Argentina for Paraguay.

Secret files on Nazi criminal Josef Mengele revealed: How he evaded capture for

“I inform the Chief that from the investigations carried out to fulfill the aforementioned OB, it results that JOSÉ MENGELE, served as a partner of the medical laboratories 'FADRO-FARM' located at 3573 Drysdale Street, in Carapachay, District of Vicente López, and with offices, as of July of this year, at 860 Cramer Street, Capital. The subject, listed as a physician, joined the firm on July 10, 1958, as a contributing partner with $10,000 in capital, and withdrew from the partnership in April 1959,” the report stated.

“Since entering Argentina, the subject resided on the Mengele family property, using the name of Dr. GREGOR […], the subject stated that he had arrived in Argentina using a different and different name from his profession […]. Thus, it appears that, while keeping his real name, the subject belonged to the SS Society […] during which time he demonstrated that he was nervous, stating that during the war he acted as a doctor in the German SS, in Czechoslovakia, where the Red Cross labeled him a ‘war criminal.’ He had studied Anthropology and was known for his work at the Nuremberg Trials, especially in connection with the study of skulls and bones, but that association was considered a crime in National Socialist Germany,” the report states about Mengele when, during the change of his name from a false pseudonym to his real identity, the Nazi “explained” his motives for not using his real identity initially, it said.

The Argentine intelligence community continued to track Mengele, mainly through press reports and contacts with foreign agencies. Mengele acquired Paraguayan citizenship and was protected by the government of Paraguayan dictator Alfredo Stroessner, whose family was originally from the same Bavarian town as him.


Secret files on Nazi criminal Josef Mengele revealed: How he evaded capture for

Archives reveal that Mengele clandestinely entered Brazil sometime around 1960 through the border area near Paraná state. He was helped by German-Brazilian farmers who were Nazi sympathizers and provided him with numerous rural shelters for several years.

Although the Argentine files are sparse in detail and rely heavily on media accounts on this point, Argentina was aware that Mengele had adopted the pseudonym Peter Hochbichler, although he sometimes also used a Portuguese version of his real name – José Mengele.

For the later part of the 1960s and throughout the 1970s, he began living on properties belonging to the German Bossert and Stammer families in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Mengele died in 1979 after suffering a stroke while swimming in the sea in the coastal town of Bertioga. He was buried under the false name Wolfgang Gerhardt, but numerous clues led to the exhumation of his body and the positive identification of his remains by Brazilian authorities in 1985. DNA testing further confirmed the findings in 1992. / Prepared in Albanian Hashtag.al- Taken from Foxnews.com

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