The human species has shown throughout history a great ability to adapt, but according to Italian geologist and researcher Mario Tozzi, this will not be enough to cope with increasingly hot summers, according to " Corriere della Sera ".
He emphasizes that humans are not among the most biologically adaptable species and that they have so far survived thanks to technology, which often comes at a high environmental cost.
As an example, he cites air conditioners, which cool indoor spaces but at the same time release heat outside, increasing the temperature in cities, while trees absorb that heat and help lower temperatures.
Tozzi believes that the long-term solution must start with the transformation of cities.
According to him, increasing greenery, planting trees, reducing concrete surfaces, and restoring permeable soils are measures that can mitigate the effects of heat waves.
He cites Paris as an example, where urban forests have been created in several squares, and Medellin in Colombia, where around 200,000 trees have been planted and 35 green corridors have been built connecting different parts of the city.
According to him, it is not enough to add isolated natural elements, but a continuous network of greenery must be created.
Regarding the use of libraries, shopping malls or air-conditioned public buildings as "climate shelters", Tozzi considers those measures necessary only in emergency situations.
He says these spaces can protect the most vulnerable during heat waves, but they cannot become a way of life for the summer months.
According to him, the fact that more and more people are choosing mountain vacations instead of the coast shows that citizens are directly feeling the impact of climate change and are looking for ways to adapt.
However, he warns that adaptation has its limits.
If greenhouse gas emissions are not significantly reduced through a binding international agreement, the effects of the climate crisis will exceed humanity's ability to adapt.
He even warns that 2027 could be even more difficult due to the possibility of a strong Super El Nino phenomenon.
Tozzi acknowledges that technology and artificial intelligence can make a significant contribution to predicting extreme events, identifying the most at-risk areas and improving warning systems.
However, he emphasizes that technology cannot replace concrete actions to reduce pollution.
According to him, artificial intelligence would also give the same conclusion as scientists: the main solution remains the elimination of greenhouse gas emissions.
In conclusion, the Italian geologist expresses concern that focusing solely on adaptation could serve as an excuse for not addressing the causes of the climate crisis.
He emphasizes that measures such as building shaded areas, protective barriers or redesigning cities are useful, but will not be enough if global warming continues to accelerate.
According to Tozzi, only the combination of adaptation with drastic emission reductions can give humanity the opportunity to face the climate challenges of the future.