
For years, visitors climbed Mount Sinai with a Bedouin guide to watch the sunrise over the pristine rocky landscape or to go on other hikes led by locals.
Now one of Egypt's holiest sites, revered by Jews, Christians and Muslims, is at the heart of a dishonest debate over authorities' plans to transform it into a new tourist mega-project.
Known as Jebel Musa, Mount Sinai is where Moses is said to have been given the Ten Commandments. Many also believe that this is the place where, according to the Bible and the Quran, God spoke to the prophet from the burning bush.
The 6th-century Monastery of St. Catherine, run by the Greek Orthodox Church, is also there.
The site is also home to a traditional Bedouin community, the Jebeleya tribe, the “Guardians of St. Catherine,” whose homes have already been destroyed with little or no compensation.
They have even been forced to exhume the bodies of relatives from their graves to make way for a new car park.
The project may have been presented as a sustainable and necessary development that will boost tourism, but it has also been imposed on the Bedouins against their will.
So far, Greece is the first country to react to the Egyptian plans, due to its connection to the monastery.
Tensions between Athens and Cairo escalated after an Egyptian court ruled in May that the monastery of St. Catherine, the oldest Christian monastery in the world, is located on state land.
After a debate that lasted several decades, the judges said that the monastery had the "right to use" only the land on which it is located and the religious archaeological sites that surround it.
Archbishop Jeronymos II of Athens, head of the Church of Greece, rushed to denounce the decision.
The Byzantine monastery, which unusually also houses a small mosque built in the Fatimid era, was said to be "a haven of peace between Christians and Muslims and a haven of hope for a world steeped in conflict."