Jean-Marie Le Pen, the founder of France's far-right National Front party - known for his harsh rhetoric against immigration and multiculturalism - died on Tuesday at the age of 96.
Le Pen, who had been in intensive care for weeks, died on Tuesday "surrounded by his loved ones," his family said.
Le Pen, a Holocaust denier and vocal opponent of immigration, race and gender, founded the far-right party in 1972.
In 2002, he went to a runoff in the presidential election where he lost to Jacques Chirac.
His daughter, Marine Le Pen, expelled him from the party and changed the name of his party from the National Front to the National Rally, making it one of the most powerful political forces in the country as she distanced herself from her father's extremist image, REL reports.
Jordan Bardella, president of the National Rally party, as the party is now known, confirmed Jean-Marie Le Pen's death in a post on the social platform X on Tuesday.
Bardella's warm and unusual tributes highlighted Le Pen's controversial past, including his links to the Algerian War. He described Le Pen as a "defender of the people" who "always served France" and expressed his condolences to the family, including his daughter, Marine Le Pen.
Despite his expulsion from the party in 2015, Jean-Marie Le Pen's divisive legacy continues to have an impact, marking decades of French political history and shaping the trajectory of the far right.
Jean-Marie Le Pen, convicted several times of anti-Semitism and regularly accused of xenophobia and racism, often defended himself by claiming to be simply a patriot defending the identity of "eternal France."
Le Pen was recently exempted from prosecution on health grounds in a high-profile trial that began in September, where his party was suspected of embezzling European Parliament funds. French judicial authorities placed Le Pen under legal guardianship in February, at the request of his family, after his health deteriorated, French media reported.
He had been in poor health for a long time.
Le Pen was convicted in 1990 for a statement made on radio in 1987 in which he called the Nazi gas chambers "just a detail in the history of World War II."