
Four of Iran's main ballistic missile production facilities, as well as at least 29 launch sites, have been hit in the four weeks of a US-Israeli strike aimed at weakening Tehran's main military strategy, according to a Washington Post analysis and expert assessments.
Since the start of the war, the US and Israel have carried out thousands of strikes on military targets. The US newspaper's investigation extensively documents the damage to ballistic missile facilities, as well as the consequences for the future of the Iranian program.
The strikes destroyed surface launch facilities, temporarily blocked access to missiles stored in underground facilities and halted the ability to produce new missiles. However, experts warn that Iran's missile program has not been neutralized.
"They keep launching missiles. That's the main issue," says Tom Karako, director of the Missile Defense Project at the Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Some analysts believe the program cannot be completely destroyed, citing the Iranian regime's ability to reorganize after attacks and its access to international supply chains. At the same time, Iran is using mobile launchers, the number of which remains unknown.
"I don't see Iran fundamentally changing its strategy as long as the regime survives. Missiles will remain the main deterrent against aggressors," notes Nicole Grajewski of the Carnegie Endowment.
The Trump administration has made destroying Iran’s missile program a key goal of the war. In a briefing with reporters on March 19, US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said that the US strikes had destroyed “factories, production lines that fuel their missile and drone programs.”
On the same day, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated that Iran's missile and drone arsenal has been greatly weakened, adding that these attacks, compared to those in June, target factories that "produce components for the construction of these missiles."
Pete Hegseth also reported that Iranian missile attacks on neighboring countries have dropped by 90% since the start of the war. However, the chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, Commander Dan Kaine, acknowledged that Iran still maintains missile capabilities.
Two days later, on March 21, Israel claimed that for the first time, Iran had launched medium-range ballistic missiles against the joint British-American military base on Diego Garcia, in the Indian Ocean, at a distance of almost 4,000 kilometers.
The construction, development and testing of ballistic missiles in Iran relies on a network of facilities under the supervision of the Revolutionary Guard and the Ministry of Defense, according to Iranian military experts.
Four of the most important facilities, where fuel for ballistic missiles is produced, have suffered serious damage from American and Israeli attacks, even greater than those recorded in the 12-day war of last June and the attacks of October 2024.
These are the military complexes of Hojir, Parchin, Hakimiyye and Shahrud, where critical propellant fuels are produced and weapons systems are assembled.
Four experts who analyzed satellite images for the Washington Post estimate that the damage likely suspended Iran's ability to produce short- and medium-range ballistic missiles until the facilities are restored to operation.
Satellite images show that four key areas of the Khojir missile complex, east of Tehran, were hit by US or Israeli airstrikes. The strikes targeted complex systems for producing solid and liquid fuels, essential for ballistic missiles, according to researcher Sam Lehr of the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies.
Ballistic missiles are launched to high altitudes before returning to the ground at extremely high speeds. According to experts, Iranian systems use solid or liquid propellants.
Solid fuels are the most common, used mainly in short-range missiles and are considered more efficient in combat conditions. In contrast, liquid fuels are used mainly in long-range missiles, but require longer refueling procedures, which makes them more vulnerable to attack.
In total, at least 88 fuel facilities were destroyed at the Khojir complex, according to satellite imagery from March 24.
Sean O'Connor, a satellite imagery analyst at defense intelligence firm Jane's, says that if Iran fails to rebuild its missile forces, it will lose one of its most important defensive advantages in the Middle East.