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Millions of people take calcium and vitamin D for stronger bones, but study finds few benefits

2026-06-17 18:36:53Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
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A large-scale analysis published in the scientific journal The BMJ has questioned one of the most widely held recommendations for bone health. According to researchers, calcium, vitamin D supplements, or a combination of them, offer little or no clinical benefit in preventing falls and fractures in most older adults.

Falls are one of the most serious health problems in people over the age of 65. It is estimated that almost one in three older adults suffers at least one fall each year, and many of these incidents result in fractures that can cause pain, loss of independence, and reduced quality of life.

Although vitamin D and calcium continue to be widely recommended by health professionals and various institutions for maintaining bone health, previous studies have raised doubts about their effectiveness. So far, scientific evidence has not clearly shown that these supplements reduce the risk of fractures or falls.

To better assess the existing evidence, a group of researchers from Canada analyzed data from 69 clinical trials, involving a total of 153,902 adults. The studies compared the effects of calcium, vitamin D, or their combination with placebo or no treatment.

After analyzing the results and determining the thresholds considered to be clinically significant benefits, the researchers found that calcium supplements had little or no effect on reducing overall fracture risk. The same conclusion was reached for vitamin D and the combined use of the two substances.

The analysis also did not identify significant benefits in preventing specific fractures, including hip fractures, or in reducing the risk of falls. According to the researchers, these results are supported by evidence of moderate to high certainty.

The authors note that some parts of the analysis included a smaller number of studies and participants, so the results should be interpreted with caution. They add that the findings may not apply to people with certain bone disorders or who are receiving treatments for osteoporosis.

However, additional analysis that took into account factors such as age, gender, fracture history, previous falls, and dietary calcium intake produced similar results, strengthening the reliability of the conclusions.

"There is no evidence to support the routine use of calcium or vitamin D supplements, or their combination, for the prevention of fractures and falls," the study authors conclude.

They call on physicians, clinical guideline developers, and regulatory authorities to reconsider current recommendations in light of the latest scientific evidence.

In an accompanying editorial published with the study, experts argue that funds and resources could be better invested in strategies that have shown concrete results, such as balance exercises, muscle strength training and personalized fall prevention programs.

According to them, these approaches offer clearer and more measurable benefits for maintaining independence and quality of life in the elderly.


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