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Ancient DNA reveals secrets Pompeii hides

2022-05-27 19:38:11Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

Ancient DNA reveals secrets Pompeii hides

Researchers analyzing human remains in Pompeii have discovered genetic secrets from the remains of a man and a woman who were buried by volcanic ash along with the Roman city.

This is the first Pompeian human genome and is an almost complete group of "genetic traces" from victims encoded in DNA extracted from their bones.

DNA is preserved from bodies covered by volcanic hardened ash. The remains of the first two persons, a man and a woman, were first discovered in 1933, in what Pompeii archaeologists have called Casa del Fabbro, or The House of Craftsman.

Archaeologists discovered that they were lying in the corner of the dining room, almost as if they were having lunch when the explosion occurred, on August 24, 79 AD. A recent study suggested that the large ash cloud from the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius could have become deadly to city residents in less than 20 minutes.

The two victims who studied the researchers, according to anthropologist Dr Serena Viva from the University of Salento, have not tried to escape.

"From the position [of their troops] it seems they were not leaving," Dr Viva told BBC Radio 4's Side Science. "The answer to why they weren't leaving can stay on their health conditions."

Both extraordinary preservation and the latest laboratory technology allowed scientists to extract a large portion of the information from a "really small amount of bone dust", as the scientists explained. New sequence technologies can read several entire genomes at the same time.

The genetic study found that the man's skeleton contained DNA from bacteria that cause tuberculosis, suggesting he could have had this disease before his death and a bone fragment at the base of his skull contained enough intact DNA to process his entire genetic code.

This showed that he shared "genetic markers" - or known reference points in his genetic code - with other individuals who lived in Italy during the Roman imperial era. But he also had a group of genes commonly found in those from the island of Sardinia, which suggested there could have been high levels of genetic diversity throughout the Italian Peninsula at the time.

 


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