
It is already known that a diet high in sugar and fat increases the risk of obesity, and scientists have discovered that one of the most common sugars found in food causes biological changes in the body that make it easier to gain weight and harder to lose. weight.
High fructose corn syrup is used in countless food products, even those considered healthy, including protein bars, whole-grain breads and cereals.
A new analysis of previous studies found that corn syrup lowers satiety hormone levels, prevents the body from using fat stores for energy, and slows metabolism, making it harder for the body to burn energy from food.
The findings challenge the long-held belief that obesity is caused simply by overeating and low energy expenditure, leading to the accumulation of body fat.
Fructose occurs naturally in fruit, but the type most commonly consumed is extracted from corn, with less vital nutrients and fiber, and turned into high fructose corn syrup. Consumption of this syrup is often linked to diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease, writes the Daily Mail.
The biggest problem is in the US, where high fructose corn syrup is found in thousands of products from bread and protein bars to candy. Since the 1990s, the US government has subsidized farmers to produce foods that can be made into fast food.
Because of these subsidies, these products are cheap and it is more profitable for food manufacturers to produce them. All this contributes to the increase in obesity in the US more than in other rich countries.
Fructose in fruit is not a problem.
Most of the research reviewed was conducted in mice, which is a limiting factor in applying these findings to humans. However, scientists have agreed that overeating, lack of physical activity and simple carbohydrates that break down quickly in the body and stimulate insulin production leading to fat accumulation are the main causes of obesity.
But now scientists have discovered that refined fructose syrup has multiple effects on the body that make it more likely to lead to obesity than other types of sugar and food additives.
"Fructose is what triggers our metabolism to go into low-consumption mode and lose control over appetite, so fatty foods become the main source of calories that promote weight gain," said Dr. Richard Johnson, lead researcher from the Medical Campus. of the University of Colorado Anschutz.
Fructose is also found in fruit, but scientists say an apple or banana is not a problem. The fructose in fruit is balanced by high levels of healthy fiber and other nutrients.
Most of the carbohydrates and fats that people eat replace the levels of adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that causes cells to move, divide, and perform basic functions in the human body necessary for survival. The molecule stimulates the release of a hormone called leptin, which signals to the brain that it's time to stop eating.
But when fructose is metabolized in the liver, it uses adenosine triphosphate as an energy source. This causes "fuel" levels to drop while simultaneously interfering with the body's ability to use stored fat as energy. A decrease in this molecule in cells is associated with hunger, thirst, increased food intake, decreased resting metabolism, increased salt absorption and more, all of which can lead to weight gain.
The study's authors believe that research into specific obesity factors, such as fructose, has major implications for the broader fight against obesity, providing insight into possible targeted treatments that may ultimately prove to be even more effective than currently the most effective drugs on the market, Wegovy and Ozempic.