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Scientific clarifications: What do the "magnitude" and "intensity" of the earthquake mean?

2023-02-06 19:14:14Aktualitet SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
Scientific clarifications: What do the "magnitude" and
What do the "magnitude" and "intensity" of the earthquake mean?

The magnitude and intensity of an earthquake are two concepts that are often confused. The magnitude of the earthquake is determined by the value measured by seismological centers and its intensity is determined by the effect it creates.

Southeast Turkey has been shaken by a strong earthquake in the morning hours. Many provinces were affected by the 7.7-magnitude earthquake, whose epicenter was the Pazarcıi district of Kahramanmaras.

The earthquake that caused destruction in Kahramanmaras, Malatya, Gaziantep, Hatay, Adana, Kilis, Adiyaman, Diyarbakır, Sanliurfa and Osmaniye occurred at a depth of 7 kilometers.

After this devastating earthquake, many concepts are again on the agenda, such as: "Are the severity and magnitude of the earthquake the same concepts?" The question is one of them.

How is the magnitude of an earthquake calculated?

The figure 7.7, announced by AFAD, expresses the magnitude of the earthquake. This is defined as a measure of the energy released during an earthquake.

The first measurement system for earthquake magnitude was developed in 1935 by American seismologists Charles Richter and Beno Gutenberg. This is where the term Richter scale comes from. According to this system, the amount of energy released during an earthquake is defined as magnitude.

How is the intensity of an earthquake determined?

So what does earthquake intensity mean? It means the measure of the effect of an earthquake at any depth at a point on the ground where it is felt. In other words, the measure of the effects of the earthquake on structures, nature and people is expressed as the intensity of the earthquake.

This intensity is evaluated according to the intensity scale prepared taking into account other earthquakes over many years. When an earthquake occurs, the effects that occur in that area are observed. These effects are then graded according to the appropriate scale on the severity scale. In earthquake intensity scales, intensities are indicated by Roman numerals.

"Mercalli Ruler (MM)" and "Medvedev-Sponheur-Karnik (MSK)" are the main severity scales used today. According to these scales, earthquakes of magnitude "V" and smaller generally do not cause damage to structures. And it is subject to an assessment according to the way people feel the earthquake. Intensities between "VI-XII" are evaluated based on damage caused by earthquakes and findings such as fractures, cracks and landslides.

When an earthquake occurs, only its magnitude can be expressed according to the values ​​announced by seismological centers. Its severity is determined after the earthquake, according to the consequences it creates in the affected areas.


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