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2026-10-12 18:42:00Lifestyle SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

NASA may have discovered one of the most promising pieces of evidence for the possible existence of extraterrestrial life, but scientists may not be able to confirm the discovery for many years. It's a rock sample called "Sapphire Canyon," collected by the Perseverance rover on Mars, that may contain traces of ancient microbial activity.

The rock, about the size of a chalk block, was recovered in July 2024 from a cliff called Cheyava Falls, in an area where water once flowed and a lake existed more than 3 billion years ago. The rock has characteristic spots that on Earth can be formed by the activity of microorganisms in sediments.

Scientists consider this discovery a strong candidate for what is known as a "sign of life," a possible indicator of the existence of life. However, they emphasize that only laboratory analysis on Earth can determine whether these structures were created by living organisms or by chemical and geological processes.

The problem is that the joint NASA-European Space Agency program to return samples from Mars has been canceled, as costs have skyrocketed. The project was originally scheduled to return samples in 2031, but was later pushed back to 2040, with an estimated budget of $11 billion.

NASA spent about $2.5 billion on the program before its cancellation. The agency has said it is considering simpler and more affordable alternatives, including collaborating with private companies and international partners, but has not yet outlined a concrete plan.

China aims to send the Tianwen-3 mission, which is expected to launch in 2028 and bring back samples from Mars in 2031. The mission envisages the use of a landing module, a crane and an orbital probe to transport materials to Earth.

For scientists, returning Martian samples would be a crucial step in understanding whether life has emerged beyond Earth. Even if no traces of organisms are found, the analyses could help explain the chemical conditions that allowed life to arise and shed light on the question of whether Earth is unique in the universe.


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