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Cop28 climate summit draws to a close, countries squabble over fossil fuels

2023-12-12 14:19:48Biznes SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX

The Cop28 climate summit has officially entered overtime as the world tries to reach a consensus on its future relationship with fossil fuels.

Monday's draft text had deleted a sentence calling for the "phasing out" of fossil fuels, supported by more than 100 countries. But the recommendation to phase out or reduce oil, coal and gas has been strongly opposed by oil-rich countries including Saudi Arabia and Russia.

The deletion of the phrase caused immediate uproar from a large number of delegations and activists.

The draft was also criticized as too weak by participants such as Australia, Canada, Chile, the European Union, Norway and the United States, among the group of 100 who called for a stronger commitment to wean the world off coal, oil and gas.

Greenhouse gas emissions from burning fossil fuels are the main cause of climate change.

It was unclear whether China, the world's top greenhouse gas emitter, supported Monday's draft.

Brazil also wants a stronger text on phasing out fossil fuels, but one that makes it clear that rich and poor countries must do so in different timeframes, Environment Minister Marina Silva said.

Representatives of the small island states said they would not accept a deal that was a "death warrant" for the countries hardest hit by sea level rise.

The world has warmed 1.2 degrees Celsius over the past 150 years from the abundant burning of fossil fuels.

Cop28 climate summit draws to a close, countries squabble over fossil fuels

Countries come to the climate summit under one main goal: limiting global warming to 1.5C, or "well below" 2C, beyond which scientists say Earth faces irreversible tipping points.

Current plans put the planet on track for 3 degrees Celsius of warming this century, a catastrophic increase in temperature.

Cop28 presidency under pressure to drop mention of fossil fuels

Cop28 president of the United Arab Emirates, Sultan al-Jaber, had faced pressure from Saudi Arabia, the de facto leader of the OPEC group of oil producers, to which the United Arab Emirates belongs, to drop any mention of the fuels. fossil.

In a December 6 letter, OPEC Secretary-General Haitham Al Ghais urged members to reject any Cop28 deal affecting fossil fuels.

Saudi Arabia is the strongest opponent, but other OPEC and OPEC+ members, including Iran, Iraq and Russia, have also resisted ditching fossil fuels in the deal.

Agreements at UN climate summits must be adopted by consensus. It is then up to individual countries to fulfill the agreement, through national policies and investments.

For oil-producing countries, a global agreement at COP28 to 'get rid' of fossil fuels could signal a political will from other countries to reduce their use of the profitable products on which fuel-producing economies rely.

"Kuwait works under a policy based on the conservation of oil wealth resources and their optimal exploitation and development," said Oil Minister Saad Al Barrak at the 12th Arab Energy Conference in Doha on Monday.

Despite the rapid growth of renewable energy, fossil fuels still produce around 80 percent of the world's energy./ The Independent


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