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"The EU-Turkey relationship will remain difficult"/ DW's analysis of Erdogan's victory: the European Commission views his rule with a critical eye

2023-05-29 14:52:26Kosova&Bota SHKRUAR NGA REDAKSIA VOX
"The EU-Turkey relationship will remain difficult"/ DW's analysis
Erdogan in front of his supporters

Even after the presidential elections in Turkey, the problems between Brussels and Ankara will remain. Erdogan declared victory and accused the European media in front of his supporters of wanting to overthrow him.

How does the EU view the relationship with Turkey?

The European Commission looks critically at the increasingly authoritarian rule of President Tayyip Recep Erdogan. "Major concerns about the breakdown of democracy, the rule of law and human rights and the independence of the judiciary have not been respected," says the latest EU report on Turkey in 2022. Instead, negative developments continue. "Concerns about economic policy and the functioning of the market economy have also increased." However, the report emphasizes that Turkey continues to remain an important partner in the topics of migration, climate protection and energy security.

The militarily strong NATO member continues to play an important role as a mediator for the agreement between Russia and Ukraine on grains. But EU heads of state have been heavily critical of Turkey after its threats against EU members Cyprus and Greece. Turkey has violated Greek and Cypriot airspace or territorial waters several times with its navy. The EU also regularly asks Turkey to recognize the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights and to release the activist Osmana Kavala, for example, who was sentenced to life imprisonment because he probably participated in the organization of the protests in Gezi Park in 2013. .

Turkey's position

In the analysis of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey, however, it is stated that in the relationship with the EU "there are always developments that mark progress and again negative developments." This has defined the Turkey-EU relationship for decades. After the suspected military coup attempt against President Erdogan in 2016, after which Turkey reacted with laws on the state of emergency and the restriction of democratic rights, relations between the two countries have worsened, the Foreign Ministry admits.

"The cold and critical attitude of the EU after the developments of the 15 July (2016) fake coup has caused a crisis of confidence. The fact that the EU does not understand the influence of the terrorist organization "FETÖ" and criticizes Turkey for certain measures, has weakened it dialogue." Under "FETÖ", the Turkish president believes in a likely terrorist plot led by US-based preacher Fetullah Gülen.

Megjithatë BE mbetet për Turqinë një partnere e rëndësishme strategjike, këtu theksohet sidomos marrëdhënia e arritur për refugjatët. Turqia merr miliarda nga BE për të mbajtur 3,5 milionë refugjatët sirianë që qëndrojnë në vend. Por marrëveshja është e brishtë. Në vitin 2020, Erdogan hapi për një kohë të shkurtër kufijtë në Edirne dhe i përdori refugjatët si mjet presioni. Si edhe më parë Turqia vetë e ndjek objektivin e anëtarësimit në BE, por në fillim BE duhet të zgjidhë problemet e brendshme, thuhet për këtë nga Ministria e Jashtme në Ankara.

A është Turqia ende kandidate për anëtarësim?

Brukseli faktikisht i ka pezulluar negociatat e anëtarësimit në vitin 2018. Por ato nuk janë ndërprerë. Negociatat që zhvillohen nga viti 2005 mund të riaktivizohen pas zgjedhjeve parlamentare. Për këtë kusht është që Turqia të paktën të njohë jodrejtpërdrejt anëtaren e BE, Qipron. Trupat turke mbajnë prej gati 50 vjetësh të pushtuar pjesën veriore të Qipros. "Përpjekjet për anëtarësim nuk janë të vdekura, por në koma", thekson ekspertja për Turqinë, Amanda Paul nga instituti "European Policy Centre" në Bruksel për Deutsche Wellen. Sipas Paul me Erdoganin në pushtet, ka pak gjasë që kjo gjendje të dalë nga koma. Tek anëtarët e BE për momentin është i vogël interesi i angazhimit me një Turqi gjithnjë e më nacionaliste. Nga ana tjetvr "anëtarësimi në BE është edhe më tej shumë popullor tek turqit. Ende 70% janë për anëtarësimin në BE", thekson Paul.

How will it be done after the elections?

Amanda Paul is of the opinion that "it's a difficult relationship that has deteriorated over time. Frankly, I don't believe in positive change." The German Foreign Minister, Annalena Baerbock, in the meeting with her Turkish counterpart, Mevlüt Cavusoglu in Istanbul in 2022, expressed open criticism of Turkey, but admitted that there is no need for further confrontations, because the West must remain united in NATO to keep Russia at bay. "Part of friendship is listening to each other until your ears hurt," Baerbock said in Istanbul at the time at the press conference. Now after Erdogan's victory, the EU and NATO expect Turkey after the elections to give its approval for Sweden's admission to the Western alliance. Approval for Sweden is expected in July./DW


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